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Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics and inhaler adherence (n = 357)

From: Adherence to inhalers and associated factors among adult asthma patients: an outpatient-based study in a tertiary hospital of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Characteristics

Number

Percent

Age (years) (mean = 34.54, SD = 10.18)

 18–30

148

41.46

 31–40

124

34.73

 > 40

85

23.81

Sex

 Male

232

64.99

 Female

125

35.01

Residence

 Rural

135

37.82

 Urban

222

62.18

Schooling year

  

 ≤5

68

19.05

 6–10

119

33.33

 > 10

170

47.62

Family income

 Low (<BDT 15000)

196

54.90

 Middle (BDT 15000 to 30,000)

138

38.66

 High (>BDT 30000)

23

6.44

Smoking

 Yes

55

15.41

 No

302

84.59

Comorbidity

 DM

28

7.84

 HTN

41

11.48

 CAD

19

5.32

 Others

3

0.84

Number of inhaler

 Single

284

79.55

 Multiple

73

20.45

Device

 MDI only

270

75.63

 MDI + Spacer

46

12.89

 DPI

41

11.48

Duration of inhaler usage (years)

 ≤5

241

67.51

 > 5

116

32.49

Primary care seeking behavior

 Non-qualified practitioner

166

46.50

 Qualified physician

191

53.50

Demonstration of inhaler using technique

 No

127

35.57

 Yes

230

64.43

Difficulty of using inhaler

 Very difficult

28

7.84

 Somewhat difficult

178

49.86

 Easy

151

42.30

Self-reported efficacy of inhaler

 Not effective

21

5.88

 Somewhat effective

158

44.26

 Effective

178

49.86

Hospital admission due to respiratory problem during last 12 months

 Yes

79

22.13

 No

278

77.87

Critical error

 Yes

279

78.15

 No

78

21.85

Inhaler adherence

 Overall TAI score

Mean = 36.45

SD = 7.93

 Good adherence

27

7.6

 Moderate adherence

21

5.9

 Poor adherence

309

86.5