Fig. 1

Factors Associated with Exacerbation Levels. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for exacerbation levels (0, 1–2, 3–4, 5+ exacerbations) as the outcome were obtained using unadjusted and adjusted proportional odds logistic regression models. Crude and adjusted ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are shown and adjusted values are plotted