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Table 4 Relative risks of asthma HAs per 10-ppb increase in daily 8-h maximum O3 concentrations, with adjustments for pollen and respiratory infections, in Dallas, Houston, and Austin, Texas from 2003 to 2011

From: Ambient ozone and asthma hospital admissions in Texas: a time-series analysis

O3 concentrations

Model 1a

Model 2b

Model 3c

Full year

October–July

Full year

October–July

Full year

October–July

Asthma HAs, all ages

Same day

1.007

(0.998–1.015)

0.999

(0.988–1.009)

1.005

(0.997–1.014)

0.998

(0.987–1.008)

1.005

(0.996–1.014)

0.997

(0.986–1.008)

Lag 1 day

1.012

(1.004–1.021)

1.011

(1.001–1.021)

1.011

(1.003–1.020)

1.010

(1.000–1.021)

1.010

(1.001–1.018)

1.008

(0.998–1.018)

Lag 2 day

1.011

(1.002–1.019)

1.008

(0.998–1.018)

1.010

(1.002–1.019)

1.008

(0.998–1.018)

1.008

(1.000–1.016)

1.005

(0.995–1.015)

Lag 0–3 days

1.017

(1.005–1.030)

1.011

(0.996–1.026)

1.016

(1.004–1.028)

1.010

(0.995–1.025)

1.013

(1.001–1.025)

1.006

(0.991–1.021)

Asthma HAs, 5–14 years

Same day

1.027

(1.008–1.047)

1.014

(0.991–1.039)

1.024

(1.005–1.044)

1.013

(0.989–1.037)

1.023

(1.004–1.043)

1.012

(0.988–1.037)

Lag 1 day

1.025

(1.007–1.043)

1.018

(0.996–1.041)

1.023

(1.005–1.041)

1.018

(0.996–1.041)

1.022

(1.004–1.040)

1.016

(0.994–1.039)

Lag 2 day

1.019

(1.001–1.038)

0.999

(0.977–1.021)

1.018

(1.0002–1.036)

0.999

(0.977–1.021)

1.016

(0.998–1.034)

0.997

(0.975–1.019)

Lag 0–3 days

1.037

(1.011–1.064)

1.011

(0.978–1.045)

1.034

(1.008–1.060)

1.010

(0.977–1.044)

1.031

(1.005–1.058)

1.007

(0.974–1.041)

  1. HA hospital admission, O 3 ozone
  2. aModel 1 adjusted for cubic splines of calendar time (8 d.f. per year), cubic splines of same-day temperature (3 d.f.), cubic splines of the average of lag 1 through 3 day temperature (3 d.f.), cubic splines of same-day dew point (3 d.f.), cubic splines of the average of lag 1 through 3 day dew point (3 d.f.), day of the week, and public holidays
  3. bModel 2 was Model 1 with additional adjustment for total pollen counts (lag 0–2 days, categorical)
  4. cModel 3 was Model 1 with additional adjustment for total pollen counts (lag 0–2 days, categorical) and total respiratory infection HAs (lag 0–2 days, cubic splines with 3 d.f.)