Children with Asthma | Children without asthma | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Sample size | 413 | 471 | |
Lives in Pampas de San Juan, n (%) | 374 (55.7) | 258 (51.0) | 0.11 |
Vitamin D Measures | |||
Total 25(OH)D (ng/ml), mean (SD) | 25.2 (10.1) | 26.1 (13.7) | 0.28 |
Demographics | |||
Age in years, mean (SD) | 13.9 (2.65) | 14.0 (2.77) | 0.43 |
n, (%) boys | 234 (56.7) | 238 (50.5) | 0.07 |
Anthropometry | |||
Height in cm, mean (SD) | 150.9 (12.0) | 151.0 (12.0) | 0.99 |
BMI in kg/m2, mean (SD) | 22.2 (4.23) | 21.7 (4.07) | 0.03 |
BMI-for-age z-score, mean (SD) | 1.03 (1.2) | 0.83 (1.1) | 0.01 |
Socioeconomics, n (%) | |||
Maternal education ≥ 6 years | 274 (71.0) | 269 (60.5) | 0.001 |
6 or more household members | 200 (51.6) | 232 (51.6) | 0.99 |
SES Score | 0.243 (1.68) | −0.183 (1.66) | <0.001 |
Smoking | |||
Current smoker | 6 (1.8) | 10 (2.4) | 0.56 |
Pulmonary function, allergy, FeNO | |||
Pre-BD FEV1 z-score, mean (SD) | 1.08 (1.40) | 1.55 (1.16) | <0.001 |
Pre-BD FVC z-score, mean (SD) | 1.48 (1.41) | 1.34 (1.21) | 0.69 |
Pre-BD FEV1/FVC z-score, mean (SD) | −0.355 (−1.16) | 0.413 (0.837) | <0.001 |
Either parent with history of physician-diagnosed asthma, n (%) | 98 (25.7) | 48 (11.1) | <0.001 |
Atopy, n (%) | 488 (62.3) | 315 (78.2) | <0.001 |
Pollen allergy (self-report), n (%) | 38 (9.79) | 11 (2.51) | <0.001 |
Animal dander allergy (self-report), n (%) | 107 (27.6) | 30 (6.73) | <0.001 |
Ever having allergic rhinitis (self-report), n (%) | 291 (75.2) | 171 (38.0) | <0.001 |
Either parent with history of allergic rhinitis (self-report), n (%) | 124 (32.6) | 88 (20.2) | <0.001 |
Ever having eczema (self-report), n (%) | 53 (13.7) | 28 (6.25) | <0.001 |
Either parent with history of eczema (self-report), n (%) | 12 (3.15) | 13 (3.00) | 0.90 |
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide in ppb, mean(SD) | 34.3 (32.9) | 20.0 (21.4) | <0.001 |
Calendar quarter at time of blood draw, n, (%) | |||
January–March | 102 (24.7) | 89 (18.9) | <0.001 |
April–June | 13 (3.15) | 9 (1.91) | |
July–September | 73 (17.7) | 4 (0.85) | |
October–December | 225 (54.5) | 369 (78.3) | |
Mean daily frequency of vitamin D-rich food intake in 14 days prior to blood draw, mean (SD), n = 646 | |||
Vitamin-D rich oily fish | 0.13 (0.15) | 0.13 (0.16) | 0.89 |
Vitamin-D fortified milk | 0.55 (0.54) | 0.54 (0.62) | 0.77 |